植物需要十六種基本元素，其中氮、氫和氧都存在於大氣中，但卻難以溶入土壤被植物吸收。為了提高農作物的品質和生⻑速度，農民將使⽤肥料與農藥。然⽽，過量使⽤化學肥料與農藥會導致化學物質浸出造成的土壤和⽔資源污染，更是碳排放與ESG的主要議題。透過電漿⽔（PAW）可以更有機地向農作物提供養分與滅菌功效，減少對環境的危害，更是提供永續環境的新選擇。PAW含有各種氣態活性物質，如 OH、 H2O2、和 NOx-…也是刺激固氮細菌（例如硝化細菌）生⻑的良好培養基，這對於持續地提供植物溶解氮非常重要。
Plants require sixteen essential elements including hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen are all found in the air which are hard to be solved in soil and absorbed by plants. To increase the quality and growth rate of crops, farmers will use fertilizers and pesticide. However, the usage of excess fertilizers and pesticide leads to soil and water pollution due to leaching of chemicals. They are also the major issues of carbon footprint and ESG. With the usage of Plasma Activated Water (PAW), microbial inactivation and nutrients can simultaneously be supplied to crops more organically and produce much less harm. PAW contained various gaseous reactive species like OH, H2O2 and NOx-, is a good medium to stimulate the growth of nitrogen fixation bacteria such as nitrobacter, which is important in supplying continuous dissolved nitrogen to plants.
SAP-PAW 1000 電漿水機生成圖
雪曼電漿水生成條件:
雷公水生成機SAP-PAW1000，7公升RO水，電漿功率500W，電漿頻率19kHz，單槍頭。
pH在電漿啟動後迅速下降，隨著時間增加，酸度持續下降。
EC值隨電漿處理時間增加呈線性增加，ORP從250mV逐步上升。當EC值達到300 us/cm時，ORP=612mV，之後緩慢增加。當EC達到800時，ORP=633 mV。
硝酸根離子濃度在EC=500之前成線性增加，與一般文獻所示趨勢相同。當EC值達到500時，硝酸根離子濃度885ppm，亞酸根離子濃度133ppm。之後似乎達到飽和狀態，硝酸根離子/亞酸根離子濃度增加緩慢。當EC達到800時，NO3-=921ppm，NO2-=146ppm。
SAP-PAW generating conditions:
The Luí Gōng Tsuì module (SAP-PAW1000),
7 liters of RO water,
POWER=500W,
Plasma frequency 19kHz.
1 plasma generator.
The pH drops rapidly after the plasma is started, and the acidity continues to drop as time increases.
The EC value increases linearly with the plasma treatment time, and the ORP gradually increases from 250mV. When the EC value reaches 300 us/cm, ORP=612mV, and then increases slowly till 633mV@EC800.
The nitrate concentration increases linearly before EC=500, which is the same trend as shown in literatures. When the EC value reaches 500, the nitrate concentration is 885ppm (mg/L) and the nitrite concentration is 133ppm. After that, saturation appears to be reached and the nitrate /nitrite concentration increases slowly till 921 ppm and 146 ppm respectively @EC800.
pH值在室溫保存10天期間基本保持穩定，這與文獻中提及之NO濃度隨保存時間變化不大有關。
The pH value remained basically stable during the 10-day storage at room temperature, which is consistent with the literature that the NO concentration does not change much with storage time.
ORP會逐漸下降後再上升；EC值在一開始時上升快速，5天後上升趨勢減緩。
硝酸根與亞硝酸根濃度則下降快速，5天後下降趨勢漸緩，甚至開始回升。
ORP will gradually decrease and then increase; EC value will increase rapidly at the beginning, but the upward trend will slow down after 5 days. NO3− amounts in PAW samples significantly decreased after storage, while NO2− and H2O2 amounts dropped faster after storage.
保存十天後，EC800/EC500/EC300之硝酸根濃度分別為294/135/86 ppm，亞硝酸根濃度則都掉到5ppm。不過，經過十天的儲存後，ORP開始上升，NO3−也開始上升。to be continue…
After ten days of storage, the nitrate concentrations of EC800/EC500/EC300 were 294/135/86 ppm respectively, and the nitrite concentrations all dropped to 5ppm. However, after ten days of storage, ORP began to rise, and NO3− also began to rise. to be continue...
雪曼雷公水量產率 Luí Gōng Tsuì Mass Production Rate
地點: 台東 ；產能Mass Production Rate: 60L/55min (65.5L/hr)@ EC600
地點: 三星石灰水質(宜蘭水源地) ；產能: 70L/133min (31.6L/hr)@ EC425
地點: 雪山水質(宜蘭龍潭) ；產能: 60L/95min (37.9L/hr)@ EC500
